英语阅读理解常考题型及解题技巧

解题技巧

u 词义辨析题

生词生义

熟词生义

1）常见提问方式

The underlined word “__”in the passage means __.

What does “___”in the third paragraph stand for?

The word/phrase “____” most nearly means ____.

The word/phrase “__” could best be replaced by __.

The word/phrase “__” in Line…, Para …refers to__

2）解题关键：联系上下文语境

3）接近/递进关系：and, or

选择或相对关系：对比or(要么，或者）

根据同位或解释关系:生词后定、表、同位语、破折号等

转折或对比关系：but,however,otherwise

根据因果关系:because, so that

据例举的实例：for example

4）熟词生义(跳出字面义）：

e.g.All these things can be a cause of stress, and it is best to face them honestly, and to bring our frustration into the open. People who have a row and then forget it are doing their health more good than those who bottle up their feelings.（2011）

42．Judging from the text, the word “row” in the third paragraph most probably means______

A．a noisy quarrel                     B．a boat journey

C．a good relationship                 D．a cured disease

5) 生词生义

e.g.Dr Cheetham said：“I am dismayed by the increasing numbers of children we are treating with this entirely preventable condition.Fifty years ago，many children would have been given regular doses of cod liver oil，but this practice has all but died out.”（2010）

64. The underlined word“dismayed” in the fifth paragraph probably means “_______”.

    A. delighted        B. unconcerned    

C. entertained      D. shocked

 

u 事实细节题

对文中叙述的事实、细节进行理解或判断

直接信息题

间接信息题

1）表现形式

a.例证题（文中举例的作用）

 e.g. / for example/for instance/such as/like

b.是非判断题  

c.数字和年代

d.一些细节内容

（what, where, who, how, which, why, how many, when）

2）常见提问方式：

Which of the following is not mentioned?

How did Tom help the firemen to save his mother?

Why did John run downstairs first?

Who discovered the secret?

What did Jim do to protect himself?

When did Peter graduate from college?

Which of the following statements is true/false?

What is the right order of...?(排序题）

The underlined word "it" in the fourth paragraph refers to ...

......

3）解题技巧：

原文定位法。不想当然地依赖自己的文化背景知识;带着问题找句子，根据相应出处的信息作选择。

对关键词语提高敏感度，时间、地点、人物圈出来，以便做题时回头再推敲。

注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语，如同义词、近义词、代词。

注意有些选项是对原文的照搬，有些是原文内容的换一种方式表达。

e.g1“....create thermal pollution in the bay”,“ no acceptable means for disposing of its radioactive wasters”,“ Stop Private Profits from Public Peril”....

    79. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason for the demonstration? ____

    A. Public transportation.        B. Public peril.

    C. Pollution.                  D. Disposal of wastes.

E.g.2

1. Driver Wanted

(1)Clean driving license.

(2)Must be of smart appearance.

(3)Aged over 25.

Apply to: Capes Taxis, 17 Palace Road, Boston.

2.  Air Hostesses for International Flights Wanted

(1)Applicants must be between 20 and 33 years old.

(2)Height 1. 6m to 1. 75m.

(3)Education to GCSE standard.

(4)Two languages. Must be able to swim.

2.  Air Hostesses for International Flights Wanted

(1)Applicants must be between 20 and 33 years old.

(2)Height 1. 6m to 1. 75m.

(3)Education to GCSE standard.

(4)Two languages. Must be able to swim.

3. Teacher Needed

For private language school. Teaching experience unnecessary.

Apply to: The Director of Studies, Instant Language Ltd, 279 Canal Street,  Boston.

64. Which of the following is NOT mentioned here?____

    A. Marriage.

B. Male or female.

C. Education.

D. Working experience.

E.g.3

Kids count more than their colleges. Getting into Yale signify intelligence，talent and ambition. But it’s not the only indicator and，paradoxically, its significance is declining. The reason：so many similar people go elsewhere. Getting into college isn't life's only competition. In the next competition—the job market and graduate school—the results may change. Old-boy networks are breaking down. Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.D. program. High scores on the GRE helped explain who got in；degrees of prestigious universities didn't.

64. What does the author mean by“Kids count more than their colleges”?____

   A. Continuing education is more important to a person's success.

   B. A person's happiness should be valued more than their education.

   C. Kids' actual abilities are more important than their college background.

   D. What kids learn at college cannot keep up with job market requirements.